isosceles greek philosopher

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isosceles greek philosopher

Death of the Greek philosopher Hypatia. before vowels often is-, word-forming element meaning "equal, similar, identical; isometric," from Greek isos "equal to, the same as; equally divided; fair, impartial (of persons); even, level (of ground)," as in isometor "like one's mother." In English used properly only with words of Greek origin; the Latin equivalent is equi- (see equi- ). Ancient Greek Philosophy. Socrates of Athens is the best known Greek philosopher, and one of the founders of western philosophy. By Edd HodsdonBA Professional Writing, member Canterbury Archaeological TrustEdd holds a BA in Professional Writing, he has worked at the Dover museum as well as the Canterbury Archaeological Trust. The primary groundwork of Platos philosophy is a threefold approach dialects, ethics and physics, the central point of unison being the theory of forms. 1. Philosophy was used to make sense out of the world in a non-religious way. He argued that when we recognize our positive characteristics, we should use them to pursue virtue and achieve our potential. "@type": "Answer", He is the best known student of Socrates, and was in turn a teacher of Aristotle. angles at base of isosceles triangle are equal vertically opposed angles are equal. The Water. Written as an equation, the theorem becomes: a 2 + b 2 = c 2. Plato founded a school of thought called Platonist, and the first institution for higher education, called the Academy. Eventually, his beliefs and realistic approach in philosophy led to his end, as he was tried and convicted for criticizing religion and corrupting the youth. Concepts such as justice and virtue come from pleasure. Diogenes believed that by rejecting material possessions and committing to an ascetic life of poverty, one could be free of social expectations and politics. Unknown artist. They attempted to explain the world around them using reason and logic." During his tours around Sicily and the Peloponnese, he was regarded as an almost supernatural teacher and healer. Parmenides was one of the first Greek philosophers to use logic in his approach. Plato is another famous Greek philosopher born in Athens. Socratess ideas endured because his pupil, Plato, made Socrates the central character of his dialogues. These brilliant scholars began to use reason and logic to try and unravel the workings of the cosmos. The term "philosophy" derives from the Greek word philosophia which translates to a "love of wisdom," coined by pre-Socratic thinkers such as Pythagoras in the 6th century B.C. "@type": "Answer", Through books like the Republic and the Symposium and the founding of his Academy, Platos ideas survived to influence generations of thinkers. Ancient Greek philosophy arose in the 6th century BC and continued throughout the Hellenistic period and the period in which Greece and most Greek-inhabited lands were part of the Roman Empire. isosceles synonyms, isosceles pronunciation, isosceles translation, English dictionary definition of isosceles. Epicurus believed that we should focus on maximizing pleasure in our lives whilst avoiding pain. He was also called "The Obscure" and the "Weeping Philosopher", because of the lonely life he led and the nature of his philosophy. 13. In the mid-4th century BC, he was exiled from his hometown and moved to Athens. - ca. I am Vanessa from Athens, and I love helping people discover more about Greece. Protagorass experience as a lawyer taught him a fundamental principle; every argument has two sides, and both may hold equal validity. This early form of rational reasoning made Thales one of the most influential Greek philosophers. During the 7th Century BC, philosophy dealt more with natural science rather than moral questions. Today, you will see streets and squares named after them, everywhere you go in Greece. Empedocles (ca. Pythagoras. A famous Greek philosopher, Socrates is credited with founding Western philosophy along with other popular philosophers of his time. I certainly learned something new from your article. You cannot download interactives. LIFE CHANGING Quotes SELF-HYPNOSIS AUDIO PROGRAMS: http://bit.ly/2jVoXRb (Reprogram Your Subconscious) If you struggle and have a hard time, consider takin. Allegedly, Diogenes replied that he would like Alexander to stand out of his sun. Aristotle, one of the most famous Greek philosophers, was also a polymath who lived in Ancient Greece in 384-322 BC. Plato suggested that using reason to reveal the perfect Form of Goodness, instead of our imperfect copy, was the ultimate purpose of philosophy. Thales is known as the first Greek philosopher, mathematician and scientist. This list of ancient Greek philosophers contains philosophers who studied in ancient Greece or spoke Greek. http://classics.mit.edu/Plato/theatu.html. It had to be essential to life and it had to be something that every part of the universe could be made from. c. 585 BC) is regarded as the father of philosophy. His philosophical landmark was originating the cosmogenic theory of the four classical elements. 2023 The Arena Media Brands, LLC and respective content providers on this website. Pythagoras may have believed that the entire cosmos was constructed out of right triangles. The Post-Socratic philosophers established four schools of philosophy: Cynicism, Skepticism, Epicureanism, and Stoicism. Many of his ideas were abstract and theoretical. One of the first Greek philosophers to shift focus from the natural world to human issues was Protagoras. For Diogenes, he has the most who is most content with the least.. Epicurus was an ancient Greek philosopher as well as the founder of the school of philosophy called Epicureanism. Birthplace: Alopece, Greek. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); How Many Days In Santorini Do You Really Need? Isocrates, (born 436 bce, Athensdied 338, Athens), ancient Athenian orator, rhetorician, and teacher whose writings are an important historical source on the intellectual and political life of the Athens of his day. . Democritus (c. 460-370 BCE)Nothing exists except atoms and empty space; everything else is opinion.Democritus, the so called laughing philosopher, was an influential ancient Greek philosopher and one of the first advocates of democracy, equality and liberty. On the contrary, Epicurus considered friendship to be the highest form of pleasure. . He discovered the complex relationships between numbers in the form of proportions and ratios, a line of thinking that was reinforced by his observations of sound and harmonics. [1] According to Bertrand Russell, . Behind them blazes a fire that casts shadowy objects onto the wall in front of them while hiding the true Forms of the objects themselves. "@type": "Question", He also developed a form of logic called the syllogism to analyze two or more ideas to generate a conclusion. Zeno studied under Diogenes the Cynic but took issue with some of his mentors more extreme ideas. Think only on those things that are in line with your principles and can bear the light of day. Nothing was pure on its own and nous (which means mind) asserts a certain motion and meaning to the entities in this chaos. https://www.etymonline.com/word/isosceles (accessed $(datetime)). He is famous for his paradoxes, which challenge common perception and common sense. He maintained that all matter is made up of four elements: water, earth, air, and fire. Enter the length or pattern for better results. He was the founder of the Eleatic School, and is thought as the father of metaphysics. Born around the year 360, Hypatia was a female Greek philosopher, astronomer . Among others, Anaxagoras aimed to discover the natural causes of eclipses, and described the sun as a huge rock of fire, bigger in size than the Peloponnese. Like the other Milesian philosophers, Thales spent much of his intellectual energy trying to understand the mechanisms that governed the cosmos. His most important virtues are peace of mind (ataraxia), freedom and the absence of pain and fear. 3. He is also known as the father of science." Democritus was born in Abdera to a wealthy family. He is also considered the founder of Milesian school and one of the seven sages. The Arena Media Brands, LLC and respective content providers to this website may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Bertrand Russell identifies Thales as the starting point of Western philosophy. Ancient Greek philosophy arose in the 6th century BC, marking the end of the Greek Dark Ages.Greek philosophy continued throughout the Hellenistic period and the period in which Greece and most Greek-inhabited lands were part of the Roman Empire. It was only through reason that we could unlock this true knowledge. Greek cats Beautiful, independent, happy, unique! The Cynic merely looked at the young conqueror and requested that he stop blocking his sunlight. Why did the Sun rise in the east each day? One of the most extreme ancient Greek philosophers was Diogenes, the founder of the Cynic school. Even though Thales explanation of earthquakes is totally incorrect, it does display a logical cause and effect relationship, which is one of the bedrock principles in modern science. Heres a guide to the 12 most influential philosophers from Greece. BA Professional Writing, member Canterbury Archaeological Trust, 9 Greek Philosophers Who Shaped The World, 8 Philosophers of Stoicism You Should Know, King Xerxes I: 9 Facts About His Life And Rule. Sadly, much of his written work has been lost. At 17 years old, Aristotle studied under Plato at the Academy. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. Secondly, he formulated a unifying hypothesis to explain and tie observations together. "We are not separated from spirit, we are in it.". Mathematics Having at least two equal sides: an isosceles triangle. He made many discoveries himself and taught the principles for many others to his successors, attacking some problems in a general way and others more empirically. Proclus tells us that Thales is credited with the discovery of five theorems in geometry. ", Heraclitus (c. 535-475 BCE)There is nothing permanent except change.Heraclitus is yet another pre-Socratic philosopher, mostly known for his contribution to the thought that things are always changing. founder of Peripatetic school; student of Plato, Denied the existence of incorporeal entities, Succeeded Dionysius of Lamptrai as the head of the Epicurean school at Athens, reportedly the daughter of Pythagoras and Theano, one of the several leaders of Stoa after the death of Panaetius, said that the purpose of philosophy was to attain tranquility characterized by, claimed that "You cannot step in the same river twice" and "All is fire. He also believed that soul and perception are related more with the heart, rather than with the brain. Portara in Naxos island - Credit: Apano at wikivoyage shared [CC BY-SA] 1. Here are some wise Greek philosopher quotes about the world and its people. (505) 431 - 5992; fayetteville state university facilities management; captions for mountains and clouds. First, they began to ask not so much how things worked but rather why: What force was behind the motion of the planets across the night sky? 8. Thales of Miletus (624/3 - 548/5 BC) Thales of Miletus came from Ionia, in Asia Minor. He believed that human corruption could disappear if man returned to natural life and self-sufficiency. 10 likes. This is known as Thales' Theorem. Theorem 2 - A circle is bisected by a diameter. Socrates was a scholar, teacher and philosopher born in ancient Greece. Virtue is the driving force of Stoicism, consisting of four cardinal ideals; courage, justice, temperance, and wisdom. Many of their philosophical ideas have remained popular over the centuries and inspired modern day philosophers. 1693, Abel Swall, transl., The New Method of Fortification, as Practised by Monsieur de Vavban, Engineer General of France, 2nd edition, "A New Treatise of Fortification", page 96: Upon each exterior . Aristotle was also concerned with the purpose of things and how we could lead a good life. Lastly, the wise thinkers began to propose theories to explain the cosmos. This inductive examination didnt always go down well, and Socrates was accused of corrupting the youth of Athens. Check out our greek philosophers selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our sculpture shops. . Thales was one of the first thinkers who began to consider explanations about the natural world that didnt rely on the Gods. He refused to escape the city, and famously drank a cup of hemlock poison (conium) in 399 BCE. "mainEntity": [{ These are some of the most well-known of all Greek philosophers. Etymology of isosceles. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com/word/isosceles. 13. Stoics believed that evil was not inherent to human beings but simply came from ignorance of the divine Logos and our essential nature. Socrates of Athens is considered to be the Father of Western Philosophy. He developed several theories using observation, scientific knowledge and logic, steering clear from mythology. "The God of St. Thomas and Dante is a God Who loves, the god of Aristotle is a god who does not refuse to be loved; the love that moves the heavens and the . He is often described as the first pure mathematician. ", Donate. Socrates (c. 469-399 BCE)Strong minds discuss ideas, average minds discuss events, weak minds discuss people.. Plato (c. 428-348 BCE)We can easily forgive a child who is afraid of the dark; the real tragedy of life is when men are afraid of the light.. Define isosceles. His poems and thoughts have always seemed to be significantly influenced by the philosopher Xenophanes . According to a user from Missouri, U.S., the name Isosceles means "Two legs of equal length". After disagreeing with some of Platos ideas, Aristotle left to form his own school, the Lyceum. As it was the case with most of the philosophers in ancient Greece, his ideas contrasted and collided with the contemporary ideologies and beliefs that led him to face life-threatening consequences and exile. "text": "Socrates of Athens is considered to be the Father of Western Philosophy." "@type": "Question", He founded the Milesian School, and his successors eventually taught pupils like Pythagoras. Later philosophers often tried to simplify his philosophical propositions. Here are the nine most famous Greek philosophers who shaped the world for centuries. Empedocles' philosophy is best known for being the origin of the cosmogenic theory of the four classical elements. According to Aristotle, Thales believed that water was the principal substance, or arche in ancient Greek. Around the coastal city of Miletus, ancient Mesopotamian learning and Greek culture merged in the sixth century BC to establish what we now call the Ionian Enlightenment. Map of ancient Greece showing Miletus (Myletus) on the western coast of modern-day Turkey. It is interesting that most of these scientists were from other countries, but moved to Athens in their adulthood. One of the most important concepts in Greek philosophy is that of the "logos." This word has a number of meanings, including reason, word, or discourse. Zeno became known for the way he pushed people to perceive reality. Thales of Miletus, who was born in 624/623 BCE, is generally recognized as the earliest Greek philosopher. This was the philosophical branch of metaphysics. And what were their key ideas? fran rooks from Toledo, Ohio on May 04, 2021: Doug, what an interesting and informative article. Ancient Greek philosophy began in Miletus with the pre-Socratic philosopher Thales and lasted through Late Antiquity.Some of the most famous and influential philosophers of all time were from the ancient Greek world, including Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. Aristotle believed we gain knowledge from the evidence that we observe in the world around us. The coastal city of Miletus on the Aegean Sea was on the trade routes of the merchants who sailed the Mediterranean Sea; as a result, the city saw visitors from many different parts of the known world. While providing the intellectual foundations for subsequent developments in . isosceles: [adjective] having two equal sides see triangle illustration. Aristotle (c. 384-322 BCE)We are what we repeatedly do. Humans, Zeno argued, had been given free will. We have a new and improved read on this topic. In so doing, he may be said to be the first Greek philosopher. Thales of Miletus came from Ionia, in Asia Minor. A group of people who followed the teachings of the philosopher Epicurus. The Pythagorean theorem is still one of the most widely used theorems in geometry. During his trial, Socrates accepted the guilty charge rather than embracing ignorance. Socrates developed the Socratic Method, which involved taking someones basic idea and asking a series of questions to expose any contradictions or flaws. Socrates believed that knowledge was the ultimate good and that pursuing knowledge was vital to living a good, virtuous life. After an engraving by Salvator Rosa. Died: 0399 AD. Plato has also contributed to philosophy through the theory of Forms, where he proclaims that absolute, non-physical ideas are more real than the natural world. We simply cease to exist. [C16: from Late Latin, from Greek isoskels, from iso- + skelos leg] Collins English Dictionary - Complete . Parmenides of Elea (c. 515-c. 445 BCE): Parmenides believed that nothing comes into being because everything must . This refers both to living in harmony with the natural world and accepting our inherent human nature. Pythagoras believed mathematics offered a harmonious and rational way of explaining the workings of the cosmos. The most well known Ancient Greek philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, helped shape life in Ancient Greece and influenced western philosophy. Empedocles was born in Akragas, a Greek city in Sicily, to a noble family. 1945, "Greek philosophy" at the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, "Presocratic philosophy" at the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_ancient_Greek_philosophers&oldid=1134106956, wrote On Human Nature, of which a fragment is preserved by, part of Socrates' circle and likely present at his death, Antiochean convert to Christianity who studied in Alexandria. 2 submissions from Ohio, U.S. agree the name Isosceles means "Triangle" and is of Fiction origin. This is known as Thales' Theorem. He created the Milesian school of thought, which endured . The force of Love causes elements to be attracted to each other and to be built up into some particular form or person, and the force of Hate causes the decomposition of things.Empedocles was one of the most important pre-Socratic era philosophers. The name derives from the Greek iso (same) and skelos (leg). It is no exaggeration to say that they helped shape the western thought of the 19th and 20th century, and by extension the modern world. referred to by Tzetzes as his authority in matters connected with geography. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit.A student of Plato and the teacher of Alexander the Great, Aristotle is considered one of the worlds greatest ancient philosophers. } Instead of lecturing his students, he asked them difficult questions in order to . In Metaphysics (983) Aristotle wrote, Thales, the founder of this type of philosophy, says the principle is water (for which reason he declared that the earth rests on water), getting the notion perhaps from seeing that the nutriment of all things is moist, and that heat itself is generated from the moist and kept alive by it (and that from which they come to be is a principle of all things). Thales might have come to this conclusion by several observations, perhaps as Aristotle suggests that the nutriments of life are warm and moist, or perhaps it was his observations of the changing states of water, from the solid state of ice to water, from liquid state to steam or mist, or perhaps living near the sea he saw the importance of water to everyday life. ), and the Stoics emerging as the major alternatives. Public Domain. Online Etymology Dictionary. Lobon of Argos, a third century BC Greek poet, paid tribute to Thales, stating, Miletus, fairest of Ionian cities; Gave birth to Thales, great astronomer; Wisest of mortals in all kinds of knowledge.. He was interested in numerous seemingly unrelated topics, from physics and biology to theatre, music and politics. Aristotle studied a wide variety of subjects, including science, ethics, government, physics and politics, and wrote extensively on them. This enlightenment was something akin to the European Enlightenment of the 18th century AD. } Xenophanes of Colophon (c. 570-480 BCE): Xenophanes rejected the anthropomorphic deities and considered there to be one incorporeal god. ), while also interested in ethics, studied different sciences like physics, biology, and astronomy. Each of the dates in this timeline are rough estimates: 624 B.C.E. The information that is available about the death of Thales places the year around 548/545 BC. It considers the concepts of good and evil, in relation to the body and the soul. Pythagoras studied geometry and made several stunning discoveries that would eventually influence architecture and mathematics for thousands of years. He was the first to try to explain natural phenomena without the inclusion of myths, by theories and hypothesis, ergo science. 7. He was an astronomer and philosopher. So, he struck out on his own. Diogenes criticized the citys social and cultural conventions, which he thought were corrupt. The oldest source of the story comes from the Greek historian Herodotus, who tells that Thales predicted a solar eclipse that had a decisive impact on the Battle of Halys between the Lydians and the Medes. In this collection of 20 biographies of ancient Greek philosophers, we examine the thoughts and lives of some of the most important thinkers in history. D. Harper. Hypatia, one of the greatest philosophers of Alexandria, was admired for her groundbreaking ideas but was brutally murdered for them by Christian fanatics in the fourth century AD. 4. Because Socrates wrote little about his life or work, much of what we know comes from his student Plato. His mother, Pythais 8 was a native of Samos. isosceles greek philosopher shopee interview singapore / texas flip and move gary's daughters ages / isosceles greek philosopher custom nendoroid commission May 21, 2022 Thales adhered to two crucial principles that set him apart from his predecessors. Pythagoras was born on the island of Samos in 568 BC to a Phoenician merchant from Tyre called Mnesarchus 12,13. Search for more names by meaning. Maurice Merleau-Pontys Philosophy of the Body, 13 Most Important Greek Philosophers Before Socrates (Presocratics), Darius the Great: 9 Facts About The King Of Kings, Michel de Montaigne and Socrates on Know Thyself. Socrates the Ancient Greek Philosopher. In Platos work Theaetetus (174a), Socrates is trying to illustrate a point using the example of Thales, I will illustrate my meaning, Theodorus, by the jest which the clever witty Thracian handmaid is said to have made about Thales, when he fell into a well as he was looking up at the stars. Harper Douglas, Etymology of isosceles, Online Etymology Dictionary, accessed $(datetime), https://www.etymonline.com/word/isosceles. He believed in a divine Logos or lawmaker who presided over natural laws. "acceptedAnswer": { This list of ancient Greek philosophers contains philosophers who studied in ancient Greece or spoke Greek. A group of humans are imprisoned in a cave. Ancient Athens Combined Ticket For The Archaeological Sites Of Athens, Ancient Athens for free A walking route through the historic centre, Street art in Athens Bright colours and political opinions, Tips For Staying Cool In The Summer In Athens, Top 10 Tips For Visiting Greece In Summer 2023, Our favourite beaches in Greece Popular beaches and hidden gems, Religion in Greece Churches, Greek Easter and Christian names, Greek Easter Traditions Greek Orthodox Easter Food and Customs. Among others, he studied mathematics, meteorology, music, cosmology, linguistics and history. "@type": "Question", Born in 427 BC, Plato was a prolific writer. He believed that in the physical world, everything contains a portion of everything else. Socrates famously wrote no texts. Greek philosophy helped shape a number of topics. An isosceles triangle therefore has both two equal sides and two equal angles. The Socratic philosophers in ancient Greece were Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. He followed in the steps of Democritus, and focused heavily on the sciences, especially on atoms. "acceptedAnswer": { To illustrate this, Plato used the Allegory of the Cave.. Born in Stagira, Northern Greece, Aristotle moved to Athens in his late teens, and became a student in Platos Academy. Although monistic views (which trace the origin of the world to a single substance) prevailed at first, they were . According to another story, the king of Macedon said that if I were not Alexander, I would have liked to be Diogenes. Socrates and Plato are two famous Greek philosopher's whose ideas still impact society today. isosceles ( not comparable ) ( geometry) Having (at least) two sides of equal length, used especially of a triangle or trapezoid . Like Democritus, Aristotle was a polymath. Socrates was born in 469 BC and he served in the Peloponnesian War. Influenced by Socrates, Diogenes pursued a life of virtue. From a school of ancient Greek philosophy, these people believed that the purpose of life was to live in virtue and in agreement with nature. Hosting and SEO Consulting. Unlike his predecessors, he was more interested in examining man and society, rather than the material world and the cosmos. "@type": "Question", People who travel to Greece are often overwhelmed by our ancient monuments. The Crossword Solver found 30 answers to "Greek philosopher (5)", 5 letters crossword clue. Pythagoras was a Greek mathematician, philosopher, and mystic. : Thales, the first Greek philosopher, is born. } }, { isosceles isosceles triangle adj. Despite his contribution to philosophy (or because of that), Socrates was eventually accused of atheism and corrupting the youth and sentenced to death. The birth of Thales is estimated to be around 625 BC and, according to Diogenes Lartius, Thaleswas the son of Euxamius and Cleobule; of the family of the Thelidae, who are Phoenicians by descent, among the most noble of all the descendantsAnd he was the first man to whom the name of Wise was givenin whose time also the seven wise men had that title given to them. Also, according to Lartius, Thales may have been married and had children. Thales proved his detractors wrong by using his knowledge of astronomy and nature to predict a bumper crop of olives in the coming season. Apart from that, Democritus was one of the first known critics and a proponent of the just theorythe idea that people should take up arms to defend themselves from tyrants. https://www.etymonline.com/word/isosceles, , Harper, D. (n.d.). Quotes tagged as "greek-philosophy" Showing 1-16 of 16. The two eras had in common advances in scientific thought, accepting naturalist explanations to understand the world rather than relying on supernatural or mystical reasons, and the application of rational deterministic thought to the physical world. Click here to view . Aristotle founded his own school, the Lyceum, which we can still visit today, with the combined ticket for all the sites in Ancient Athens. Theorem 1 - The angle inscribed in a semi-circle is a right angle. In this light, even pain can be a positive thing, if it leads to peace of mind. before vowels often is-, word-forming element meaning "equal, similar, identical; isometric," from Greek isos "equal to, the same as; equally divided; fair, impartial (of persons); even, level (of ground)," as in isometor "like one's mother." Instead of lecturing his students, he asked them difficult questions in order to challenge their underlying assumptionsa method still used in modern-day law schools. He advocated living a life ruled purely by natural impulses without restrictive social conventions. The Milesian thinkers began to incorporate what they learned from the sages of Egypt and Babylonia in three important ways. And of course, two isosceles triangles may have all the glory, raising conspiracy theories about energy magnetic fields and more, but triangulation seems to have been a generalized practice in Greek life. Socrates (470/469-399 B.C.E.) The great Greek philosopher of the 5th century BCE developed his own methods and way of thinking. Thales was born around 624 BC in the city of Miletus in Asia Minor and was part of the new wave of thinkers trying to determine how the cosmos was constructed. Parmenides (560 BC - 510 BC) Parmenides was a known follower of Pythagoras, another renowned figure in the philosophical paradigm of ancient Greece. He followed a very simple lifestyle, wearing rugs and begging often. The base angles of an isosceles triangle are equal. Accessed $(datetimeMla). Socrates hoped to examine everyday concepts that people took for granted so that he could gain valuable insights. Like his mentor Socrates, Plato was a critic of democracy. Zeno believed that by accepting what was not in our power we could dedicate our attention to what we did have power over. He expanded on his teachers philosophical ideas, and researched space, time and the concept of infinity. Thales of Miletus is considered to be the first philosopher by Aristotle and others. The concept of the logos was central to the philosophy of the ancient Greek philosopher Heraclitus, who believed that the universe was governed by a rational principle, or logos, that was . Home Fragrance Trends 2023, Articles I